Getting Started with Java

Java is a high level, class based, object oriented programming language that is widely used across various operating systems.

You can run Java on your computer using the following two methods:

  • Run Java online
  • Install Java on your computer

In this tutorial, you will learn both methods.

Run Java Online

To run Java code, you need to have a Java compiler installed on your system. However, if you want to start immediately, you can use our free online Java compiler.

Online Java Compiler
Online Java Compiler

The online compiler enables you to run Java code directly in your browser—no installation required.


Install Java on Your Computer

For those who prefer to install Java on your computer, this guide will walk you through the installation process on Windows, macOS, or Linux (Ubuntu).

Follow the steps below to install Java on Windows:

  1. Download JDK(Java Development Kit)
  2. Run the Installer
  3. Configure Environment Variables
  4. Verify Installation

Here's a detailed explanation of each of the steps.

Step 1: Download JDK

Go to the official Oracle website to download the JDK.

Download Java on Windows
Download Java on Windows

Choose x64 MSI Installer on the windows tab and click on download link.

Step 2: Run the Installer

Now, go to your downloads folder and run the installer you just downloaded. You will be prompted to the screen below.

Run JDK Installer on Windows
Run JDK Installer on Windows

Simply click Next to proceed.

Step 3: Configure Environment Variables

After installation, you will need to tell your system where to find Java. This is done by setting environment variables.

Locate JDK Path: Navigate through your file explorer to reach the JDK installation directory. Normally, it is located at

C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-22\bin

Copy this path.

Access Environment Variables: Search environment variable on the terminal. In system properties, click on environment variables. You will be prompted to the screen below.

Java Setup Environment VariableJava Setup Environment Variable
Java Setup Environment Variable

Update the Path Variable:

Find the Path variable in the System variables section and click on Edit. Then, click New and paste your JDK bin path (i.e. C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-22\bin).

Finally, click Ok to close each window.

Set JAVA_HOME Variable:

Back in the environment variables window, under the system variables section, click New to create a new variable.

Now, name the variable JAVA_HOME and set its value to the path of the JDK folder directory (i.e.C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-22).

Set JAVA_HOME Variable
Set JAVA_HOME Variable

Close all the dialogues with the Ok button.

Step 4: Verify your Installation

After the installation, you can verify whether Java is installed by using the following command in the command prompt.

java --version
Verify Java Installation
Verify Java Installation

If Java is installed successfully, it will print the version information; otherwise, it will produce an error message indicating that the command is not recognized.

To install Java on macOS, follow the steps below:

  1. Check Java version
  2. Download Java Development Kit (JDK)
  3. Run the Installer
  4. Configure Environment Variables
  5. Verify your Installation

Here is a detailed explanation of each of the steps:

Step 1: Check Java Version

Since older versions of macOS may come with Java pre-installed on it. You can check the current version by using the following command in the Terminal app.

java --version

If Java is installed, you'll see the version information and can skip the remaining steps. Otherwise, follow the steps below.

Step 2: Download JDK

Go to the official Oracle website to download the JDK (JDK 22 at the time of writing this tutorial) for macOS.

Download Java on macOS
Download Java on macOS

The appropriate installer for Java depends on your Mac's chip architecture:

For Intel-based Macs:

Download the macOS x64 DMG Installer

For Apple Silicon (M1) Macs:

Download the macOS ARM64 DMG Installer.

Note: In case you downloaded the wrong installer, you will be prompted with the correct installer on opening the installer file.

Step 3: Run the Installer

Once the download is complete, run the installer you just downloaded. You will be prompted to the screen below.

Run JDK Installer on macOS
Run JDK Installer on macOS

Follow the on-screen instructions to initiate the installation process. You may need to enter your administrator password as well.

Step 4: Configure Environment Variables

After the installation, you need to set up environment variables to tell your system where to find Java.

At first, open the Terminal app and type the following command:

nano ~/.bash_profile

This will open the .bash_profile file in a text editor.

Now, add the following lines at the end of the file to set the JAVA_HOME variable.

export JAVA_HOME=$(/usr/libexec/java_home)
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
Java Setup Environment Variable on macOS
Java Setup Environment Variable on macOS

Press Ctrl + X to exit, then Y to save the changes, and Enter to confirm the filename.

Close and reopen the terminal for the changes to take effect.

Step 5: Verify your Installation

Once the installation is complete, you can verify whether Java is installed by using the following command in the Terminal app.

java --version

If Java is installed successfully, it will print the version information; otherwise, it will produce an error message indicating that the command is not recognized.

Linux has various distributions, and the installation process differs slightly from each other. For now, we will focus on Ubuntu distribution.

Follow the steps below to install Java on your Ubuntu system:

  1. Install Java
  2. Verify Installation

Step 1: Install Java

Open the Terminal and update your package list to ensure you get the latest version of the software:

sudo apt update 

Install the default JDK with:

sudo apt install default-jdk 
Install Java on Linux
Install Java on Linux

Step 2: Verify Installation

Check if Java was installed successfully:

java --version 
Check Java Installation on Linux
Check Java Installation on Linux

If Java is installed successfully, it will print the version information; otherwise, it will produce an error message indicating that the command is not recognized.

Run Your First Java Program

Open Notepad (or any editor you prefer) and enter the following code in the new file.

class HelloWorld {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        System.out.println("Hello, World!"); 
    }
}

Then save this file as HelloWorld.java (select "All Files" in "Save as type").

Now, open your command prompt, navigate to the location of that program, and compile with

javac HellowWorld.java

Then, execute your program with

java HelloWorld

You should see Hello World printed to the command prompt.

Now that you have set everything up to run Java programs on your computer, you'll be learning how the basic program works in Java in the next tutorial.

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