Pandas to_dict()

import pandas as pd

# sample DataFrame
data = {'A': [1, 2, 3],
        'B': [4, 5, 6]}

df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# convert the DataFrame to a dictionary
data_dict = df.to_dict()

print(data_dict)

'''
Output

{'A': {0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 3}, 'B': {0: 4, 1: 5, 2: 6}}
'''

to_dict() Syntax

The syntax of the to_dict() method in Pandas is:

df.to_dict(orient='dict')

to_dict() Argument

The to_dict() method takes the following argument:

• orient(optional): defines the format of the resulting dictionary

to_dict() Return Value

The to_dict() method returns a dictionary representation of the DataFrame. The structure of the returned dictionary depends on the orient parameter.

Example 1: Default Orientation

import pandas as pd

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# default to_dict() usage
dict_data = df.to_dict()

print(dict_data)

Output

{'A': {0: 1, 1: 2, 2: 3}, 'B': {0: 4, 1: 5, 2: 6}}

Here, we converted a DataFrame to a dictionary with the default dict orientation, where each column became a key in the dictionary.

Example 2: 'list' Orientation

import pandas as pd

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# convert DataFrame to dictionary with 'list' orientation
list_data = df.to_dict('list')

print(list_data)

Output

{'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]}

In this example, we converted a DataFrame to a dictionary where each column is represented as a list of values.

Example 3: 'records' Orientation

import pandas as pd

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# convert DataFrame to dictionary with 'records' orientation
records_data = df.to_dict('records')

print(records_data)

Output

[{'A': 1, 'B': 4}, {'A': 2, 'B': 5}, {'A': 3, 'B': 6}]

Here, we converted a DataFrame to a list of dictionaries, with each dictionary representing a row in the DataFrame.

Example 4: 'index' Orientation

import pandas as pd

data = {'A': [1, 2, 3], 'B': [4, 5, 6]}
df = pd.DataFrame(data)

# convert DataFrame to dictionary with 'index' orientation
index_data = df.to_dict('index')

print(index_data)

Output

{0: {'A': 1, 'B': 4}, 1: {'A': 2, 'B': 5}, 2: {'A': 3, 'B': 6}}

In this example, we converted a DataFrame to a dictionary where the keys are the DataFrame index and the values are dictionaries of column:data pairs.

Note: In the examples above, it's assumed that the DataFrame's index is the default Pandas index. If your DataFrame has a different index, the output of the to_dict() method will reflect that index instead.